AI Integration in Indonesian Entrepreneurship Education: A Synthesis of Applications, Frameworks, and Future Directions

This article synthesizes current research on the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into entrepreneurship education within Indonesian higher education. The analysis is based on a systematic literature review of 50 empirical and conceptual studies, examining the scope of AI applications, the theoretical frameworks guiding their adoption, and their pedagogical impact. A compelling body of evidence indicates a diverse landscape of AI applications, from AI-driven simulations to generative platforms like ChatGPT, which enhance entrepreneurial competencies, foster innovation, and enable personalized learning. Theoretical models such as the Diffusion of Innovation theory, the Technology-Organization-Environment framework, and entrepreneurial ecosystem models are commonly used to explain AI adoption, though they often lack specific empirical validation in the Indonesian context. While AI integration demonstrates significant potential, its widespread implementation is constrained by critical barriers, including limited technological infrastructure, digital literacy gaps among faculty and students, and high implementation costs. Conversely, key facilitators include strong institutional support, strategic leadership, and collaborative ecosystems. This synthesis underscores a pressing need for integrated strategies that align curriculum innovation, faculty development, and coherent policy frameworks. By addressing these challenges, Indonesian institutions can fully leverage AI’s transformative power to cultivate the next generation of digitally adept entrepreneurs.